The radiopharmaceutical research bridges essential elements of nuclear chemistry (determination of nuclear data, production of radioisotopes, radiochemical separations) and the organic synthesis of radioactive labelled targeting vectors with the biochemical, pharmaceutical and (nuclear)-medical application of the radioactive labelled compounds, the radiopharmaceuticals. In particular positron-emitting radionuclides are introduced into compounds which is used for basic and medical research as well as for clinical diagnosis of normal and disturbed biochemical and physiological processes in humans. The behaviour of the radiopharmaceutical in the human body is quantified non-invasively and with a high resolution of the location by positron emission tomography (PET).