Shadi Karimifard
PhD Student
Curriculum Vitae
| January 2023 |
PhD Student. Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Title: Genomic and gene regulatory basis of rapid evolutionary diversification of a multifunctional trait Direct Supervisors: PD Dr. Florian Menzel (FM), Mainz, Dr. Barbara Feldmeyer (BF) Supervisors: PD Dr. Volker Nehring (VN), Freiburg; Prof. Dr. Oliver Niehuis (ON), Freiburg i. Br.; Dr. Jan Buellesbach (JB), Münster; Prof. Dr. Thomas Schmitt, (TS), Würzburg |
| 2018 - 2021 |
Master of Science in Biodiversity and Ecosystems Management. Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. Title: Genetic diversity of earthworms in farmlands of the northern Zagros |
| 2012 - 2016 | Bachelor of Science in Environmental Engineer and Science. Arak University, Arak, Iran. |
Research Interests
My primary research foci lie within the realms of evolutionary ecology and epigenetics. I am particularly intrigued by the complex interplay between genetic mechanisms and environmental influences. Given that underlying mechanisms support the development of new phenotypes over time through evolution, I am very interested in investigating the mechanisms behind rapid diversification of insect CHC profiles in aculeate Hymenoptera. I am currently involved in a big project with a diverse research team, where we aim to evaluate the significance of different genomic and gene regulatory processes in the divergence of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) across the phylogeny of aculeate Hymenoptera.
PhD Project
A range of mechanisms from genomic to regulatory can result in evolutionary innovation. These innovations are especially fascinating when investigating complex traits essential for an organism's survival, traits that undergo rapid evolution. A prime example of such a multifaceted trait in insects is the composition of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs).
Aculeate Hymenoptera, chosen as a model group, offers unique traits for investigation, notably diverse cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles. Their eusocial behavior enables the study of caste-related differences in CHC profiles, allowing exploration of multiple phenotypes within a single genome. Related individuals in nests allow convenient sampling for analyses like genome sequencing. Their well-defined phylogeny aids in tracing genomic changes across species, advancing understanding of evolutionary shifts. Research involves analyzing gene expression in tissues from multiple individuals to represent diverse CHC phenotypes.
In insects, the ability to produce and maintain a species-specific blend of fatty acid lipids on the epicuticle has evolved as a defense against desiccation. This composition, primarily comprised of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs), is crucial for protection. In addition to their protective function, CHCs serve as important chemical signals. In solitary insects, they can act as contact sex pheromones, while in social insects like ants, CHCs play a critical role in conveying information about tasks, fertility, reproductive status, and nestmate and caste recognition.
Many species possess an abundance of either methyl-branched alkanes or unsaturated cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profile phenotypes. These two types are typically not found in comparable amounts within the CHC profiles of most studied insect orders. Interestingly, these distinct CHC phenotypes can undergo rapid evolution, with closely related species often displaying opposite profiles. Additionally, within a species, different sexes or castes may exhibit different CHC phenotypes.
This project aims to uncover the genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenetic factors that contribute to the diversification of CHCs. We will investigate 13 pairs of closely related species, each with distinct chemical profiles, spanning the primary lineages of aculeate Hymenoptera. This study seeks to identify how variations in gene expression, coding sequences, mRNA splicing, and regulatory processes influence CHC diversity. Furthermore, the variations in CHC profiles between different sexes and castes within certain species will also be considered.
Contact
Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution
Shadi Karimifard
Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 15
01.401
55128 Mainz
Deutschland